Enterprise file transfer solutions are critical infrastructure for many organizations, facilitating secure data exchange between systems and users. CrushFTP, a widely used multi-protocol file transfer server, offers an extensive feature set including Amazon S3-compatible API access. However, a critical vulnerability (CVE-2025-2825) was discovered in versions 10.0.0 through 10.8.3 and 11.0.0 through 11.3.0 that allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass authentication and gain unauthorized access
This critical vulnerability allowed attackers to bypass authentication implemented in the middleware layer. With the popularity of this framework on the internet and within our customers' attack surfaces, our Security Research team took a deeper look at the issue.
Recently, Yasser Allam, known by the pseudonym inzo_, and I, decided to team up for some research. We discussed potential targets and chose to begin by focusing on Next.js (130K stars on github, currently downloaded + 9,4 million times per week), a framework I know quite well and with which I already have fond memories, as evidenced by my previous work. Therefore, the “we” throughout this paper will naturally refer to the two of us.
Next.js is a comprehensive javascript framework based on React, packed with numerous features — the perfect playground for diving into the intricacies of research. We set out, fueled by faith, curiosity, and resilience, to explore its lesser-known aspects, hunting for hidden treasures waiting to be found.
It didn’t take long before we uncovered a great discovery in the middleware. The impact is considerable, with all versions affected, and no preconditions for exploitability — as we’ll demonstrate shortly.
On 18 November 2024, Palo Alto Networks issued a security advisory for an authentication bypass vulnerability in the PAN-OS management web interface. The vulnerability is tracked under CVE-2024-0012 [1] and has a CVSS score for this is 9.3 [2]. The vulnerability allows an unauthenticated attacker with network access to the management web interface to gain PAN-OS administrator privileges. As the Northwave CERT has already observed mass exploitation by multiple threat actors, we urge all recipients to implement mitigation measures and patch their systems.
Attackers can downgrade Windows kernel components to bypass security features such as Driver Signature Enforcement and deploy rootkits on fully patched systems.
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Following the publication of my blog post A Practical Guide to PrintNightmare in 2024, a few people brought to my attention that there was a way to bypass the Point and Print (PnP) restrictions recommended at the end. So, rather than just updating this article with a quick note, I decided to dig a little deeper, and see if I could find a better way to protect against the exploitation of PnP configurations.
Hardware security hackers have detailed how it's possible to bypass Windows Hello's fingerprint authentication and login as someone else – if you can steal or be left alone with their vulnerable device.
The research was carried out by Blackwing Intelligence, primarily Jesse D'Aguanno and Timo Teräs, and was commissioned and sponsored by Microsoft's Offensive Research and Security Engineering group. The pair's findings were presented at the IT giant's BlueHat conference last month, and made public this week. You can watch the duo's talk below, or dive into the details in their write-up here.