EclecticIQ analysts assess with high confidence that, in April 2025, China-nexus nation-state APTs (advanced persistent threat) launched high-temp exploitation campaigns against critical infrastructure networks by targeting SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer. Actors leveraged CVE-2025-31324 [1], an unauthenticated file upload vulnerability that enables remote code execution (RCE). This assessment is based on a publicly exposed directory (opendir) found on attacker-controlled infrastructure, which contained detailed event logs capturing operations across multiple compromised systems.
EclecticIQ analysts link observed SAP NetWeaver intrusions to Chinese cyber-espionage units including UNC5221 [2], UNC5174 [3], and CL-STA-0048 [4] based on threat actor tradecrafts patterns. Mandiant and Palo Alto researchers assess that these groups connect to China's Ministry of State Security (MSS) or affiliated private entities. These actors operate strategically to compromise critical infrastructures, exfiltrate sensitive data, and maintain persistent access across high-value networks worldwide.
Uncategorized China-Nexus Threat Actor Scanning the Internet for CVE-2025-31324 and Upload Webshells
EclecticIQ analysts assess with high confidence that, a very likely China-nexus threat actor is conducting a widespread internet scanning and exploitation campaign against SAP NetWeaver systems. Threat actor–controlled server hosted at IP address 15.204.56[.]106 exposed the scope of the SAP NetWeaver intrusions [5].
This Google Threat Intelligence Group report presents an analysis of detected 2024 zero-day exploits.
Google Threat Intelligence Group (GTIG) tracked 75 zero-day vulnerabilities exploited in the wild in 2024, a decrease from the number we identified in 2023 (98 vulnerabilities), but still an increase from 2022 (63 vulnerabilities). We divided the reviewed vulnerabilities into two main categories: end-user platforms and products (e.g., mobile devices, operating systems, and browsers) and enterprise-focused technologies, such as security software and appliances.
Vendors continue to drive improvements that make some zero-day exploitation harder, demonstrated by both dwindling numbers across multiple categories and reduced observed attacks against previously popular targets. At the same time, commercial surveillance vendors (CSVs) appear to be increasing their operational security practices, potentially leading to decreased attribution and detection.
We see zero-day exploitation targeting a greater number and wider variety of enterprise-specific technologies, although these technologies still remain a smaller proportion of overall exploitation when compared to end-user technologies. While the historic focus on the exploitation of popular end-user technologies and their users continues, the shift toward increased targeting of enterprise-focused products will require a wider and more diverse set of vendors to increase proactive security measures in order to reduce future zero-day exploitation attempts.
Kidflix, one of the largest paedophile platforms in the world, has been shut down in an international operation against child sexual exploitation. The investigation was supported by Europol and led by the State Criminal Police of Bavaria (Bayerisches Landeskriminalamt) and the Bavarian Central Office for the Prosecution of Cybercrime (ZCB). Over 35 countries worldwide participated in the operation. almost 1 400 suspects worldwide. So far, 79 of these individuals have been arrested...
GreyNoise data confirms that exploitation of CVE-2024-4577 extends far beyond initial reports. Attack attempts have been observed across multiple regions, with notable spikes in the United States, Singapore, Japan, and other countries throughout January 2025.
GreyNoise has detected a surge in exploitation attempts for two vulnerabilities—one flagged as a top target by government agencies and another flying under the radar despite real-world attacks. See the latest exploitation trends and why real-time intelligence is essential for risk management.
After identifying a significant overlap between IPs exploiting CVE-2024-40891 and those classified as Mirai, the team investigated a recent variant of Mirai and confirmed that the ability to exploit CVE-2024-40891 has been incorporated into some Mirai strains.
GreyNoise is observing active exploitation attempts targeting a zero-day critical command injection vulnerability in Zyxel CPE Series devices tracked as CVE-2024-40891. At this time, the vulnerability is not patched, nor has it been publicly disclosed. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary commands on affected devices, leading to complete system compromise, data exfiltration, or network infiltration. At publication, Censys is reporting over 1,500 vulnerable devices online.
Zero-day exploitation of Ivanti Connect Secure VPN vulnerabilities since as far back as December 2024.
On Wednesday, Jan. 8, 2025, Ivanti disclosed two vulnerabilities, CVE-2025-0282 and CVE-2025-0283, impacting Ivanti Connect Secure (“ICS”) VPN appliances. Mandiant has identified zero-day exploitation of CVE-2025-0282 in the wild beginning mid-December 2024. CVE-2025-0282 is an unauthenticated stack-based buffer overflow. Successful exploitation could result in unauthenticated remote code execution, leading to potential downstream compromise of a victim network.
An investigation into an information security incident has allowed virus analysts at Doctor Web to uncover an ongoing campaign that incorporates many modern trends employed by cybercriminals.
Microsoft on Tuesday raised an alarm for in-the-wild exploitation of a critical flaw in Windows Update, warning that attackers are rolling back security fixes on certain versions of its flagship operating system.
We have observed active exploitation attempts targeting three high-severity CVEs: CVE-2024-2194, CVE-2023-6961, and CVE-2023-40000.
PDF (Portable Document Format) files have become an integral part of modern digital communication. Renowned for their universality and fidelity, PDFs offer a robust platform for sharing documents across diverse computing environments. PDFs have evolved into a standard format for presenting text, images, and multimedia content with consistent layout and formatting, irrespective of the software, hardware, or operating system used to view them. This versatility has made PDFs indispensable in fields ranging from business and academia to government and personal use, serving as a reliable means of exchanging information in a structured and accessible manner.
On April 10, 2024, Volexity identified zero-day exploitation of a vulnerability found within the GlobalProtect feature of Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS at one of its network security monitoring (NSM) customers. Volexity received alerts regarding suspect network traffic emanating from the customer’s firewall. A subsequent investigation determined the device had been compromised. The following day, April 11, 2024, Volexity observed further, identical exploitation at another one of its NSM customers by the same threat actor.
Andres Freund published the existence of the xz attack on 2024-03-29 to the public oss-security@openwall mailing list. The day before, he alerted Debian security and the (private) distros@openwall list. In his mail, he says that he dug into this after “observing a few odd symptoms around liblzma (part of the xz package) on Debian sid installations over the last weeks (logins with ssh taking a lot of CPU, valgrind errors).”
At a high level, the attack is split in two pieces: a shell script and an object file. There is an injection of shell code during configure, which injects the shell code into make. The shell code during make adds the object file to the build. This post examines the shell script. (See also my timeline post.)
A tale about exploiting KernelCTF Mitigation, Debian, and Ubuntu instances with a double-free in nf_tables in the Linux kernel, using novel techniques like Dirty Pagedirectory. All without even having to recompile the exploit for different kernel targets once.
Early this February, Fortinet released an advisory for an "out-of-bounds write vulnerability" that could lead to remote code execution. The issue affected the SSL VPN component of their FortiGate network appliance and was potentially already being exploited in the wild. In this post we detail the steps we took to identify the patched vulnerability and produce a working exploit.
Czech software giant JetBrains harshly criticized security company Rapid7 this week following a dispute over two recently-discovered vulnerabilities.
On January 10, 2024, Volexity publicly shared details of targeted attacks by UTA00178 exploiting two zero-day vulnerabilities (CVE-2024-21887 and CVE-2023-46805) in Ivanti Connect Secure (ICS) VPN appliances. On the same day, Ivanti published a mitigation that could be applied to ICS VPN appliances to prevent exploitation of these vulnerabilities. Since publication of these details, Volexity has continued to monitor its existing customers for exploitation. Volexity has also been contacted by multiple organizations that saw signs of compromise by way of mismatched file detections. Volexity has been actively working multiple new cases of organizations with compromised ICS VPN appliances.
Turkish hackers targeting poorly secured MS SQL servers across the U.S., European Union, and Latin America.
L’exploitation de vulnérabilités critiques revient en force sur le devant de la scène pour l’établissement d’un accès initial et le lancement de cyberattaques. Elles étaient nombreuses l'an dernier.
