Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) and Cisco ISE Passive Identity Connector (ISE-PIC) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to issue commands on the underlying operating system as the root user.

For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.

Cisco has released software updates that address these vulnerabilities. There are no workarounds that address these vulnerabilities.

Details

The vulnerabilities are not dependent on one another. Exploitation of one of the vulnerabilities is not required to exploit the other vulnerability. In addition, a software release that is affected by one of the vulnerabilities may not be affected by the other vulnerability.

Details about the vulnerabilities are as follows:

CVE-2025-20281: Cisco ISE API Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

A vulnerability in a specific API of Cisco ISE and Cisco ISE-PIC could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the underlying operating system as root. The attacker does not require any valid credentials to exploit this vulnerability.

This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by submitting a crafted API request. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to obtain root privileges on an affected device.

Cisco has released software updates that address this vulnerability. There are no workarounds that address this vulnerability.

Bug ID(s): CSCwo99449
CVE ID: CVE-2025-20281
Security Impact Rating (SIR): Critical
CVSS Base Score: 10.0
CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVE-2025-20282: Cisco ISE API Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

A vulnerability in an internal API of Cisco ISE and Cisco ISE-PIC could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to upload arbitrary files to an affected device and then execute those files on the underlying operating system as root.

This vulnerability is due a lack of file validation checks that would prevent uploaded files from being placed in privileged directories on an affected system. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by uploading a crafted file to the affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to store malicious files on the affected system and then execute arbitrary code or obtain root privileges on the system.
Cisco has released software updates that address this vulnerability. There are no workarounds that address this vulnerability.

Bug ID(s): CSCwp02821
CVE ID: CVE-2025-20282
Security Impact Rating (SIR): Critical
CVSS Base Score: 10.0
CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Workarounds

There are no workarounds that address these vulnerabilities.

Description of Problem
A vulnerability has been discovered in NetScaler ADC (formerly Citrix ADC) and NetScaler Gateway (formerly Citrix Gateway). Refer below for further details.

Affected Versions
The following supported versions of NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway are affected by the vulnerabilities:

NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway 14.1 BEFORE 14.1-47.46
NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway 13.1 BEFORE 13.1-59.19
NetScaler ADC 13.1-FIPS and NDcPP BEFORE 13.1-37.236-FIPS and NDcPP

NetScaler ADC 12.1-FIPS is not affected by this vulnerability.

Additional Note: Secure Private Access on-prem or Secure Private Access Hybrid deployments using NetScaler instances are also affected by the vulnerabilities. Customers need to upgrade these NetScaler instances to the recommended NetScaler builds to address the vulnerabilities.

This bulletin only applies to customer-managed NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway. Cloud Software Group upgrades the Citrix-managed cloud services and Citrix-managed Adaptive Authentication with the necessary software updates.

Details
NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway contain the vulnerability mentioned below:

CVE-ID

Description Pre-conditions CWE CVSSv4
CVE-2025-6543

Memory overflow vulnerability leading to unintended control flow and Denial of Service

NetScaler must be configured as Gateway (VPN virtual server, ICA Proxy, CVPN, RDP Proxy) OR AAA virtual server

CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

CVSS v4.0 Base Score: 9.2

(CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L)

What Customers Should Do
Exploits of CVE-2025-6543 on unmitigated appliances have been observed.

Cloud Software Group strongly urges affected customers of NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway to install the relevant updated versions as soon as possible.

NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway 14.1-47.46 and later releases
NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway 13.1-59.19 and later releases of 13.1
NetScaler ADC 13.1-FIPS and 13.1-NDcPP 13.1-37.236 and later releases of 13.1-FIPS and 13.1-NDcPP. Customers should contact support - https://support.citrix.com/support-home/home to obtain the 13.1-FIPS and 13.1-NDcPP builds that address this issue.

Note: NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway versions 12.1 and 13.0 are now End Of Life (EOL) and no longer supported. Customers are recommended to upgrade their appliances to one of the supported versions that address the vulnerabilities.

Issue Details
CVE-2025-23121

A vulnerability allowing remote code execution (RCE) on the Backup Server by an authenticated domain user.

Severity: Critical
CVSS v3.0 Score: 9.9
Source: Reported by watchTowr and CodeWhite.
Note: This vulnerability only impacts domain-joined backup servers.
Veeam Backup & Replication Security Best Practice Guide > Workgroup or Domain?
Affected Product

Veeam Backup & Replication 12.3.1.1139 and all earlier version 12 builds.
Note: Unsupported product versions are not tested, but are likely affected and should be considered vulnerable.
Solution

This vulnerability was fixed starting in the following build:

Veeam Backup & Replication 12.3.2 (build 12.3.2.3617)

CVE-2025-24286

A vulnerability allowing an authenticated user with the Backup Operator role to modify backup jobs, which could execute arbitrary code.

Severity: High
CVSS v3.1 Score: 7.2
Source: Reported by Nikolai Skliarenko with Trend Micro.
Affected Product

Veeam Backup & Replication 12.3.1.1139 and all earlier version 12 builds.
Note: Unsupported product versions are not tested, but are likely affected and should be considered vulnerable.
Solution

This vulnerability was fixed starting in the following build:

Veeam Backup & Replication 12.3.2 (build 12.3.2.3617)

CVE-2025-24287

A vulnerability allowing local system users to modify directory contents, allowing for arbitrary code execution on the local system with elevated permissions.

Severity: Medium
CVSS v3.1 Score: 6.1
Source: Reported by CrisprXiang working with Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative.
Affected Product

Veeam Agent for Microsoft Windows 6.3.1.1074 and all earlier version 6 builds.
Note: Unsupported product versions are not tested, but are likely affected and should be considered vulnerable.
Solution

This vulnerability was fixed starting in the following build:

Veeam Agent for Microsoft Windows 6.3.2 (build 6.3.2.1205)
Veeam Agent for Microsoft Windows is included with Veeam Backup & Replication and available as a standalone application.

Severity - Critical
Description of Problem

A vulnerability has been discovered in NetScaler ADC (formerly Citrix ADC) and NetScaler Gateway (formerly Citrix Gateway). Refer below for further details.
Affected Versions

The following supported versions of NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway are affected by the vulnerabilities:

NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway 14.1 BEFORE 14.1-43.56
NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway 13.1 BEFORE 13.1-58.32
NetScaler ADC 13.1-FIPS and NDcPP  BEFORE 13.1-37.235-FIPS and NDcPP
NetScaler ADC 12.1-FIPS BEFORE 12.1-55.328-FIPS

Details

NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway contain the vulnerabilities mentioned below:
CVE ID Description Pre-conditions CWE CVSSv4
CVE-2025-5349 Improper access control on the NetScaler Management Interface Access to NSIP, Cluster Management IP or local GSLB Site IP CWE-284: Improper Access Control

CVSS v4.0 Base Score: 8.7

(CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L)
CVE-2025-5777 Insufficient input validation leading to memory overread NetScaler must be configured as Gateway (VPN virtual server, ICA Proxy, CVPN, RDP Proxy) OR AAA virtual server CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read

CVSS v4.0 Base Score: 9.3

(CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L)